Convert Line Endings of Mac and Windows to Unix in Rails and Test with RSpec
How To Convert Line Endings In Visual Studio For Mac Os
Line endings or newline is a special character(s) to define the end of a line. The line endings special character(s) vary across the operating systems. Let’s take an example, we are developing a Rails feedback application which will be used by a wide range of users. The users might submit the feedback from different operating systems which has different kind of line end character(s). The content should have formatted for standard line endings before storing into backend.
Mostly two special characters used to define the line endings in most of the operating systems.
Some are Mac OS X (UNIX) and some are Windows. This might lead to incorrect line numbers in stacktraces and compiler errors. Many text editors can fix this using Convert Line Endings menu commands. こんな感じでVisualStudioでスクリプトを作成すると、 Linux/MacとWindowsの改行コードが入り混じって警告が出る. Visual Studio frequently creates files with mixed line endings. It is really easy to reproduce. Just open two files (.cpp in my case), one with CR+LF, another with LF line endings. Copy a few lines from the second file to the first one, and save it.
Line Feed (LF) - n
Carriage Return (CR) - r
How To Convert Line Endings In Visual Studio For Mac 2017
Jan 15, 2009 in Visual Studio: Go to 'file' - 'Advance Save' then a dialog box will open In that Dialog box see the drop down option titled 'Line Ending' see the drop down menu and select 'Windows (CR LF)' Click 'OK' And Cheers!!!
The usage of these two special characters for Unix, Mac and Windows are
| OS | Characters | Name |
| Unix | n | LF |
| Mac | r | CR |
| Windows | rn | CRLF |
Note:- r is the newline character up to Mac OS version 9, after that Mac uses Unix line endings.
It is a developer’s job to convert all kinds of line endings to Unix line ending format to maintain the standard. We can achieve this by a regex pattern replace. The regex pattern should convert r(Mac) or rn(Windows) to n(Unix).
We can see the conversion of line endings to Unix from Mac and Windows using irb (Interactive Ruby) shell.
1. Mac
2. Windows
RSpec Tests
After the implementation of line endings conversion, it should covered with test cases for the best practices of development. Here is the bunch of Rspec code to test both Mac and Windows line endings conversion.
The line endings conversion plays a crucial role in standardising the content. It is recommended to convert line endings to Unix style when providing web service features.
